Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) is a region located in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent. It is known for its stunning natural beauty, complex history, and significant political importance. Here's an overview:
🌍 Geography
- Location: Northernmost part of India.
- Capital Cities:
- Srinagar (Summer capital)
- Jammu (Winter capital)
- Topography: Includes the Himalayas, valleys, forests, and rivers. The Kashmir Valley is especially famous for its scenic landscapes.
🗺️ Administrative Status
- Until August 5, 2019, J&K was a special autonomous state under Article 370 of the Indian Constitution.
- On that date, the Indian government:
- Revoked Article 370
- Bifurcated the state into two Union Territories:
- Jammu and Kashmir (with a legislature)
- Ladakh (without a legislature)
🕌 Culture
- A rich mix of Hindu, Muslim, Sikh, and Buddhist traditions.
- Known for Kashmiri handicrafts, carpets, pashmina shawls, wazwan cuisine, and Sufi music.
- Languages: Kashmiri, Dogri, Urdu, Hindi, Punjabi, Ladakhi.
📖 History
- Was a princely state under British India.
- After Partition in 1947, the Maharaja chose to accede to India, triggering conflicts with Pakistan.
- Since then, it has been a disputed territory between India and Pakistan, with China also involved in the eastern parts (Aksai Chin).
💣 Security and Politics
- One of the most militarized zones in the world.
- History of insurgency, cross-border terrorism, and military conflict.
- Post-2019, there has been increased focus on development, infrastructure, and tourism revival.
🏞️ Tourism Highlights
- Srinagar: Dal Lake, houseboats, Mughal gardens
- Gulmarg: Skiing and winter sports
- Pahalgam, Sonmarg: Hiking, river rafting
- Vaishno Devi: Major Hindu pilgrimage site
- Leh-Ladakh: Buddhist monasteries, adventure tourism
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